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Juan Gris was born José Victoriano Carmelo Carlos González-Pérez
in Madrid on March 23, 1887. He studied mechanical drawing at the
Escuela de Artes y Manufacturas in Madrid from 1902 to 1904, during
which time he contributed drawings to local periodicals. From 1904
to 1905 he studied painting with the academic artist José
Maria Carbonero. In 1906 he moved to Paris, where he lived for most
of the remainder of his life. His friends in Paris included Georges
Braque, Fernand Léger, and Pablo Picasso and the writers
Guillaume Apollinaire, Max Jacob, and Maurice Raynal. Although he
continued to submit humorous illustrations to journals such as L’Assiette
au beurre, Le Charivari, and Le Cri de Paris, Gris began to paint
seriously in 1910. By 1912 he had developed a personal Cubist style.
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